BILGE OIL WATER SEPARATOR

BILGE OIL WATER SEPARATOR

BILGE OIL WATER SEPARATOR IT IS MENDATORY FOR ALL THE VESSELS OPERATING AT SEA TO HAVE THIS PLANT ON BOARD,FAILED TO DO SO, ATTRACTS HUGE PANALITY EVEN CAPITAL PUNISHMENT INTERNATIONALY.THERE IS OFTEN SPILLAGE OF WATER AND OIL IN THE ENGINE ROOM BILGES AND REQUIRE EVACUATTION OR DRAINING OUT WHEN THE BILGES ARE FULL. SHIPS ARE NOT SUPPOSED TO PUMP OUT OIL OVERBOARD, IS INTERNATIONALLY BANNED,HAVY PANALITY IS EMPOSED IF DONE SO,SINCE THIS SPOILS ENVIORNMENT AND LIFE AT SEA BOTH FOR HUMAN AND WATER ANIMALS. PROJECT PRESENTED HERE IS BASED ON WORLD’S MOST POPULAR 8051 FAMILY OF MICROCONTROLLER,ATMEL 89C51.PORT 1 IS USED AS INPUT PORT WHERE SWITCHES AND ALL THREE SENSORS ARE CONNECTED. PORT 0 IS USED AS OUTPUT PORT FOR ALL INDICATION PURPOSES IC LS 245 IS A INDICATION LED DRIVER. PORT 2 IS ALSO AN OUT PUT PORT WHICH DRIVER ALL RELAYS AND BUZZER CIRCUIT. OPERATION: THE PLANT OPERATES IN TWO MODES , MANNUAL MODE AND AUTO MODE. MANNUAL MODE:- WHENEVER ENGINEER ON WATCH OBSERVE THAT WATER IN THE BILGES IS FULL CAN START THE PLANT WITH PRESSING START PUSH CONNECTED ON PORT P1.0 . SPDT RELAY K3 WILL ENERGISE THROUGH IC ULN2803 PIN NO 15 AND PUMP MOTOR WILL START.SAME TIME ,SPDT RELAY KI WILL ALSO ENERGISE AND OPEN SOLENOID VALVE A,WHICH IS AN OVERBOARD VALVE AND WATER WILL BE THROWN OVERBOARD. SAMPLE OF THIS WATER IS SEND TO OIL SENSOR . DUE TO PUMPING OUT PROCESS , LEVEL OF BILGE WATER WILL GRADUALLY GO DOWN AND OIL WILL REMAIN, SINCE SAMPLE OF THIS IS ALSO SENT TO OIL SENSOR .THE OIL SENSOR REMAINS INACTIVE TILL THE TIME WATER IS FLOWING .THE MOVMENT IT SENSES OIL ITS OUT PUT CONNECTED TO P1.3 WILL GO LOW AND SOLENOID A WILL CLOSE AND SOLENOID B WILL OPEN AND ALL THE OIL WILL GO TO WASTE OIL TANK AT THE SAME TIME BUZZER WILL ALSO SOUND FOR ONE MINUTE SO THAT DECK OFFICER ON DUTY CAN SEE THAT THERE IS NO OIL SPILLAGE OVERBOARD. SINCE THE PLANT IS WORKING IN MANNUAL MODE, AN ENGINEER ON WATCH IN ENGINE ROOM HAVE TO KEEP MOINTORING THE BILGE LEVEL AND IS SUPPOSED TO STOP THE PUMP MANNUALLY BY PRESSING STOP PUSH CONNECTED TO P1.0. AUTO MODE :- IN OUTO- MODE ,TWO LEVEL SENSORS KEEP MONIRORING THE LEVEL WHENEVER BILGE LEVEL COMES UP THE PLANTS STARTS AND THE REMAINING PROCESS IS SAME AS MANNUAL MODE, AND WHEN THE BILGE LEVEL COMES DOWN THE PLANTS STOPS. AUTO MODE IS SWITCHED ON BY PRESSING AUTO MODE SWITCH CONNECTED TO P1.2. OIL SENSOR WORKS ON OPTOMETRIC PRINCIPAL ,WHEN THERE IS WATER FLOWING THROUGH THE OIL SENSOR CLEAR LIGHT FALLS FROM LD2 TO LDR1 ITS RESISTANCE REMAINS LOW AND TRANSISTER T1 REMAINS IN CUT OFF STATE AND P1.4 REMAINS HIGH. THE MOVMENT OIL ENTER INTO SENSOR, THE LIGHT INTENSITY FALLING ON LDR REDUCES AND TRANSISTER TI CONDUCTS COLLECTOR VOLTAGE FALLS LOW AND PI.4 BECOMES LOW. VR1 PRESET IS TO ADJUST THE SENSIVITY OF OIL WATER RATIO. WATER SENSOR TRANSISTER GETS BASE VOLTAGE THROUGH WATER WHEN BOTH PROBES ARE IMMERSED IN WATER, TRANSISTER BASE GETS VOLTAGE AND IT CONDUCTS COLLECTOR VOLTAGE FALLS LOW, AND RESPECTIVE PORT PIN BECOMES LOW. CIRCUIT IS DRIVEN BY 12V AC TRANSFORMER CONNECTED TO PCON1 DIODE D1-D4 FORMS BRIDGE CIRCUIT CI ,C2 ARE FILTER CAPACITORS IC 7805 IS 5V REGULATOR IC TO GIVE STABLISED SUPPLY TO MICROCONTROLLER. D5 IS A POWER INDICATION LED. CRYSTAL GIVES THE NECESSARY CLOCK TO MICROCONTROLLR. IC ULN 2803 IS RELAY DRIVER IC. RESISTANCES CONNECTED TO INDICATION LEDS ARE CURRENT LIMITING RESISTORS. COMPLETE DETAILS FOR ALL THE ICS USED IN THIS PROJECT ,REFER TO MENUFACTURERS DATASHEETS SUPPLIED ALONG WITH THIS PROJECT OR FREE DOWNLOAD FROM THEIR WEBSITE. INTEL HEX CODES BILGE OIL WATER SEPARATOR :1000000021000000000000000000000000000000CF :1001000075813075A000D2A530970530967180F8C2 :100110001201CF2097F2D2A231C9754105314BC2ED :10012000A5D2A475401931BAD540FBC2A2754019B9 :1001300031BAD540FBC2A32096FD1201CF2096F71D :100140007541053165D2A5C2A480B5C2A0C2A2D2B4 :10015000A1D2A31201DBC2A1C2A3D2A21201D5D5A2 :1001600041E9C2A222C2A1C2A2D2A0D2A31201DB43 :10017000C2A0C2A3D2A21201D5D541E9C2A22212C5 :1001800001CF209683D2A231C9754105314BC2A55A :10019000D2A475401931BAD540FBC2A275401931BD :1001A000BAD540FBC2A32097FD1201CF2097F77567 :1001B00041053165C2A4D2A5210090014D31DEC2B6 :1001C000A390029A31DED2A32290271031DE229032 :1001D000138831DE229007D031DE22900064754210 :1001E000C8000000D542FA1582E582B4FF021583EB :1001F000458370EA220000000000000000000000BB :00000001FF